Rabi’a Al-Adawiyya, chantre de l’amour divin
Au 8ème siècle, les Musulmans sont maîtres de la plupart des régions orientales et les richesses s’amassent chez les classes favorisées. Près de 70 ans après la mort du Prophète, les valeurs de simplicité et de spiritualité de l’Islam déclinent sous l’emprise grandissante de l’amour de la matière et de l’apparat.
Le moment était venu pour qu’une voix nouvelle s’élève pour rappeler que l’amour absolu de Dieu doit être la seule richesse du croyant et que le vrai bonheur est dans la communion avec le Divin.
Ainsi commence la mission de celle qui deviendra la plus grande figure de la spiritualité soufie et entrera dan l’Histoire comme une sainte vénérée, Rabi’a Al-Adawiyya.
Issue des Al-Atik, une tribu des Kaïs, elle naît en , (an 95 de l’Hégire) à Bassora (Irak), dans une famille très pauvre. À sa naissance, son père, Ismaël, lui donne le nom de “Rabi’a” (la 4ème) dans l’ordre après ses trois filles. Très pieux et indigent, le père meurt alors que Rabi’a n’a que dix ans, suivi quelques mois plus tard par la mère. Les quatre sœurs se retrouvent orphelines, seules, dans une misère extrême, sans le secours de personne. Elles déciden
Dio unica meta e ricompensa
1.
Signore, se ti amo per timore di perdermi
Fammi bruciare nel fuoco dell&#;inferno.
Signore, se ti amo per avere il paradiso
Escludimi dalla Tua presenza.
Ma se ti amo solo per Te
Non respingermi dal Tuo volto
2.
Per la potenza tua io non Ti ho servito
Desiderando il Tuo paradiso.
Non è questo lo scopo
A cui ho rivolto la mia vita
3.
O mio Dio! Tutto il bene
che hai decretato per me in questo mondo
donalo ai tuoi nemici.
Tutto quello che hai preparato per me in Paradiso
donalo ai tuoi amici.
Io invece non cerco che Te solo
4.
Le domandarono: &#;O signora del mondo futuro, che cosa vuoi fare?
Rispose: &#;Voglio incendiare il Paradiso e spegnere l&#; Inferno, perché tutti i credenti capiscano che l&#;amore di Dio è la ricompensa a se stessi&#;.
5.
Le fu chiesto: &#;Hai mai compiuto una sola opera pensando che Dio la accogliesse?&#;
Rispose: &#;Se c&#;è una cosa che può essergli gradita è il mio timore di esserne ricompensata&#;
6.
Le fu chiesto: &#; Qual è la verità della tua fede?&#;
Rispose: &#;Non ho reso culto a Dio per timore del suo fuoco, né per amore del
Rabi‘ah al-‘Adawiyyah
Circa
Sufi saint
Sources
A Great Woman Saint . Rabi’ah al-’Adawiyyah, also known as Rabi’ah al-Qaysiyyah, was born in the second decade of the eighth century and died in her native city of Basrah in Along with the well-known female ascetics and hadith transmitters Mu’adhah al-’Adawiyyah and Umm al-Darda’, Rabi’ah was one of the three great woman saints of Basrah. Her tomb on the outskirts of Basrah was revered as a place of pilgrimage for centuries. Little objective information is available about Rabi’ah’s life. She was a client (mawlat) of the Arab tribe of Adiyy ibn Qays, which adopted her and allowed her to use its name. In the Umayyad period, every convert to Islam had to be adopted by a member of an Arab tribe, which served as the convert’s patron. Thus, Rabi’ah’s relationship of clientage to this Arab tribe indicates that either she, or perhaps her father, was a convert. She may also have been a freed slave, but this information is found only in later sources.
Career . Rabi’ah was a noted ascetic and teacher. Her best-known students were the jurist Sufyan al-Thawri () and the hadith transmitter Shu’bah ibn al-Haj-jaj (dietd ). Sufyan
Rabi'a al-'Adawiyya
Rābiʻa al-ʻAdawiyya al-Qaysiyya (Arabic: رابعة العدوية القيسية&#;) (// &#; CE)[1] was a female Muslim saint and Sufi mystic.[2] She is known in some parts of the world as Hazrat Bibi Rabia Basri, or simply Rabia Basri.[3]
BirthEdit
She is said to have been born in or / CE (95 and 98 Hijri) in Basra,[1] Iraq of the Qays tribe.[4] Much of her early life is narrated by Farid ud-Din Attar, a later Sufi Saint and poet, who used earlier sources. Rabia herself did not leave any written works about her life.
She was the fourth daughter of her family and therefore named Rabia, meaning "fourth". Although not born into slavery, her family was poor yet respected in the community.
According to Fariduddin Attar, when Rabia was born, her parents were so poor that there was no oil in house to light a lamp, nor even a cloth to wrap her with. Her mother asked her husband to borrow some oil from a neighbor, but he had resolved in his life never to ask for anything from anyone except God. He pretended to go to the neighbor's door and returned home empty-handed.
I
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