A. R. Radcliffe-Brown
Alfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown was a British social anthropologist who was responsible for developing the school of thought known as structural-functionalism. Born near Birmingham in England on January 17, , Radcliffe-Brown&#;s childhood was marred by a long battle with tuberculosis. Radcliffe-Brown enrolled in Trinity College in where he met and studied under anthropologists W. H. R. Rivers and Alfred Haddon. Both anthropologists instilled ideas about the importance of field research and its necessity for carrying out cross-cultural comparisons. These ideas would eventually become the hallmark of Radcliffe-Brown&#;s research.
Radcliffe-Brown conducted fieldwork in the Pacific among the Andaman Islanders from to as part of his thesis research. While completing his field-work, Radcliffe-Brown began to read the work of French sociologist Emile Durkheim. Durkheim&#;s ideas about the structure of social relationships would have a profound effect on Radcliffe-Brown and would influence his development of structural-functionalist ideology.
From to , Radcliffe-Brown carried out fieldwork among various aboriginal tribes of Australia. A distinct focus of this res
Alfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown (January 17, – October 24, ) was a Britishsocial anthropologist who developed the theory of "structural-functionalism," and is often regarded, together with Bronislaw Malinowski, as the father of modern social anthropology. Radcliffe-Brown was particularly instrumental in bringing together the various theoretical approaches to anthropology from France and Britain to the United States. Radcliffe-Brown regarded all social structures as contributing to the functioning of society as a whole. He compared a diversity of cultures from different parts of the world. Although he did not do extensive fieldwork himself, beyond his initial work in the Andaman Islands, he established and developed programs of anthropological research at universities in South Africa and Australia which produced large amounts of data. His analyses revealed similar social structures in cultures that were geographically isolated, leading him to theorize that human society naturally develops certain types of social structures to fulfill essential functions, similar to the organs of the body. Although Radcliffe-Brown's theories per se were rejected by later anthropologi
Radcliffe Brown: Biography, Contributions and Books
Early life: Alfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown was born in Birmingham in He belonged to the English lower middle class. With economic support from his brother, Radcliffe-Brown embarked on medical studies. But his teachers encouraged him to move to Cambridge and study anthropology. While at Cambridge, Radcliffe-Brown became a pupil of pioneering ethnologist W. H. R. Rivers. He completed his bachelor’s degree at Cambridge in and stayed there for postgraduate work. Between and , Radcliffe-Brown conducted fieldwork as part of his research on the Andaman Islands in the Indian Ocean. He went on to participate in an expedition to Western Australia from to , where he focused on family organization and kinship. During the First World War, Radcliffe-Brown served as Director of Education in the Kingdom of Tonga. Afterwards, he travelled around the world teaching at the universities of Cape Town, Sidney and Chicago as well as establishing chairs of anthropology at all three. He returned to Britain in to take the position of Chair in Social Anthropology at Oxford (Monagahn & Just ; Barnard ; Nielsen & Eriksen ).
The Natural Sci
WORKS BY RADCLIFFE-BROWN SUPPLEMENTARY BIBLIOGRAPHY Alfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown () was one of the most eminent anthropologists of the first half of the twentieth century. By example and teaching he helped to develop and establish modern “social” anthropology as a generalizing, theoretical discipline. The most notable of his many important contributions was his application to primitive societies of some of the ideas of systems theory, which led to a revolution in the analysis and interpretation of social relations. In brief, he may be said to have turned social anthropology from its preoccupation with historical development and psychological extrapolation to the comparative study of persistent and changing social structures. Radcliffe-Brown was born and educated in England. He attended first the Royal Commercial Travellers’ School at Pinner, Middlesex, and then for two years was a foundation scholar at King Edward’s High School, Birmingham. He left school when not yet 18 years old, undecided on a career and with few prospects. By private study he gained an exhibition at Trinity College, Cambridge, in and held it with increasing distinction until Hi
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Radcliffe-Brown, A. R.
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